33rd Sunday in Ordinary Time, Cycle A (가해 연중 제33주일)
1st Reading: Proverbs 31:10-13, 19-20, 30-31
Epilogue: Poem of the Perfect Wife
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[10] A good wife who can find? She is far more precious than jewels. [11] The
heart of her husband trusts in her, and he will have no lack of gain. [12] She
does him good, and not harm, all the days of her life. [13] She seeks wool and
flax, and works with willing hands. [19] She puts her hands to the distaff, and
her hands hold the spindle. [20] She opens her hand to the poor, and reaches
out her hands to the needy. [30]Charm is deceitful, and beauty is vain, but a
woman who fears the Lord is to be praised. [31] Give her of the fruit of her hands,
and let her works praise her in the gates.
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Commentary:
31:10-31. The book closes with a beautiful acrostic poem (the first letter of each
verse corresponds to a Hebrew letter, in alphabetical order) about the qualities of
the perfect wife in the context of a rural family in ancient Israel. The whole poem
is probably symbolic. The prologue to the book depicted Wisdom as a woman
who invites everyone to a banquet prepared at her house. Now, in this ideal wo-
man who always knows the right thing to do in every situation, we can see once
more the wisdom that God has left stamped on creation.
The poem reveals the moral strength of women. John Paul II comments that this
strength “expresses itself in a great number of figures of the Old Testament, of
the time of Christ, and of later ages right up to our own day. "A woman is strong
because of her awareness of this entrusting", strong because of the fact that God
‘entrusts the human being to her’, always and in every way, even in the situations
of social discrimination in which she may find herself. This awareness and this
fundamental vocation speak to women of the dignity which they receive from God
himself, and this makes them ‘strong’ and strengthens their vocation. Thus the
‘perfect woman’ (cf. Prov 31:10) becomes an irreplaceable support and source
of spiritual strength for other people, who perceive the great energies of her spirit.
These ‘perfect women’ are owed much by their families, and sometimes by whole
nations” ("Mulieris Dignitatem", 30).
2nd Reading: 1 Thessalonians 5:1-6
The Second Coming of the Lord (Continuation)
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[1] But as to the times and the seasons, brethren, you have no need to have any-
thing written to you. For you yourselves know well that the day of the Lord will
come like a thief in the night. [3] When people say, "There is peace and security,"
then sudden destruction will come upon them as travail comes upon a woman
with child, and there will be no escape. [4] But you are not in darkness, brethren,
for that day to surprise you like a thief. [5] For you are all sons of light and sons
of the day; we are not of the night or of darkness. [6] So then let us not sleep,
as others do, but let us keep awake and be sober.
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Commentary:
1-3. "The day of the Lord" is an expression used a number of times in Sacred
Scripture to refer to that point at which God will intervene decisively and irrever-
sibly. The prophets speak of the "day of Yahweh" sometimes fearfully (cf. Amos
5:18-20), sometimes hopefully (cf. Is 6:13). In his eschatological sermon (cf. Mt
24; Mk 13; Lk 21), Jesus foretold the destruction of Jerusalem in a style very
reminiscent of that used by the prophets (cf. Amos 8:9ff) when speaking of the
"day of Yahweh". The destruction of the city brings to an end the Jewish era in
the history of salvation and prefigures the second coming of Christ as Judge of
all. In St Paul's letters, as in other New Testament writings,the "day of the Lord"
is the day of the general judgment when Christ will appear in the fullness of
glory as Judge (cf. 1 Cor 1:8; 2 Cor 1:14). The Apostle brings in some examples
used by our Lord in his preaching about the fall of Jerusalem and the end of the
world (the "thief in the night": cf. Mt 24:43; the pains of childbirth: cf. Mt 24:19)
to warn people that that day will come unexpectedly, and to exhort them to be
always ready.
The Christian, therefore, should always be on the watch, for he never knows for
sure when the last day of his life will be. The second coming of the Lord will take
people by surprise; it will catch them doing good or doing evil. So, it would be
rash to postpone repentance to some time in the future.
4-6. A thief works by night because he thinks that darkness will find the house-
holder unprepared. Our Lord also used this metaphor when he said that if the fa-
ther of the family had known when the thief would come, he would have kept a
look-out (cf. Mt 24:43)--in other words, we need to be always alert, in the state
of grace, surrounded by light. So, "if we walk in the light, as he is in the light,
we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses
us from all sin" (1 Jn 1:7).
On the same subject the Church teaches that our souls are "illumined by the
light of faith" ("St Pius V Catechism", II, 2, 4).
We should therefore live a transparent life, with the divine light shining clearly
through it; if we do, the "day of the Lord" (which can also be applied to the day
each person dies) will not find us unprepared,even if it comes suddenly. "A true
Christian is always ready to appear before God. Because, if he is fighting to live
as a man of Christ, he is ready at every moment to fulfill his duty" (St. J. Escriva,
"Furrow", 875).
Gospel Reading: Matthew 25:14-30
The Parable of the Talents
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(Jesus said to His disciples,) [14] "For it will be as when a man going on a
journey called his servants and entrusted to them his property; [15] to one he
gave five talents, to another two, to another one, to each according to his ability.
Then he went away. [16] He who had received the five talents went at once and
traded with them; and he made five talents more. [17] So also, he who had the
two talents made two talents more. [18] But he who had received the one talent
went and dug in the ground and hid his master's money.
[19] Now after a long time the master of those servants came and settled ac-
counts with them. [20] And he who received the five talents came forward, brin-
ging five talents more, saying, `Master, you delivered to me five talents; here I
have made five talents more.' [21] His master said to him, `Well done, good and
faithful servant; you have been faithful over a little, I will set you over much; enter
into the joy of your master.' [22] And he also who had the two talents came for-
ward, saying, `Master, you delivered to me two talents; here I have made two
talents more.' [23] His master said to him, `Well done, good and faithful servant;
you have been faithful over a little, I will set you over much; enter into the joy of
your master.' [24] He also who had received the one talent came forward, saying,
`Master, I knew you to be a hard man, reaping where you did not sow, and ga-
thering where you did not winnow; [25] so I was afraid, and I went and hid your
talent in the ground. Here you have what is yours.' [26] But his master ans-
wered him, `You wicked and slothful servant! You knew that I reap where I have
not sowed, and gather where I have not winnowed? [27] Then you ought to have
invested my money with the bankers, and at my coming I should have received
what was my own with interest. [28] So take the talent from him, and give it to
him who has the ten talents. [29] For to every one who has will more be given,
and he will have abundance; but from him who has not, even what he has will be
taken away. [30] And cast the worthless servant into the outer darkness; there
men will weep and gnash their teeth.'"
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Commentary:
14-30. A talent was not any kind of coin but a measure of value worth about fifty
kilos (one hundred pounds) of silver.
In this parable the main message is the need to respond to grace by making a
genuine effort right through one's life. All the gifts of nature and grace which God
has given us should yield a profit. It does not matter how many gifts we have re-
ceived; what matters is our generosity in putting them to good use.
A person's Christian calling should not lie hidden and barren: it should be out-
going, apostolic and self-sacrificial. "Don't lose your effectiveness; instead,
trample on your selfishness. You think your life is for yourself? Your life is for
God, for the good of all men, though your love for our Lord. Your buried talent,
dig it up again! Make it yield" (St. J. Escriva, "Friends of God", 47).
An ordinary Christian cannot fail to notice that Jesus chose to outline his tea-
ching on response to grace by using the simile of men at work. Here we have a
reminder that the Christian normally lives out his vocation in the context of ordi-
nary, everyday affairs. "There is just one life, made of flesh and spirit. And it is
this life which has to become, in both soul and body, holy and filled with God.
We discover the invisible God in the most visible and material things. There is
no other way. Either we learn to find our Lord in ordinary, everyday life, or else
we shall never find Him" (St. J. Escriva, "Conversations", 114).
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Source: "The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries". Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States. We encourage readers to purchase
The Navarre Bible for personal study. See Scepter Publishers for details.
[참고: 이 파일은 저서명 "가톨릭 교회의 말씀 전례에 따른 성경공부 해설서"(엮은이: 소순태,
출판사: 가톨릭출판사)의 각주의 연장으로 마련되었습니다. 그리고 우리말 번역에 대한
저작권은 엮은이에게 있으며, 본문 중의 우리말 번역문들을 복사하여 가져가는 것을
허락하지 않습니다.]