나바르 매일미사 독서/묵상

Tuesday

3rd Week of Lent

1st Reading: Daniel 3:25, 34-43 (New American Bible)
Daniel 3:2, 11-20 (Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate)

Prayers of the Young Men in the Fiery Furnace
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[2] Then Azariah stood and offered this prayer; in the midst of the fire he opened
his mouth and said: [11] “For thy name‘s sake do not give us up utterly, and do
not break thy covenant, [12] and do not withdraw thy mercy from us, for the sake
of Abraham thy beloved and for the sake of Isaac thy servant and Israel thy holy
one, [13] to whom thou didst promise to make their descendants as many as the
stars of heaven and as the sand on the shore of the sea. [14] For we, O Lord,
have become fewer than any nation, and are brought low this day in all the world
because of our sins. [15] And at this time there is no prince, or prophet, or leader,
no burnt offering, or sacrifice, or oblation, or incense, no place to make an offering
before thee or to find mercy. [16] Yet with a contrite heart and a humble spirit may
we be accepted, as though it were with burnt offerings of rams and bulls, and with
tens of thousands of fat lambs; [17] such may our sacrifice be in thy sight this
day, and may we wholly follow thee, for there will be no shame for those who trust
in thee. [18] And now with all our heart we follow thee, .we fear thee and seek thy
face. [19] Do not put us to shame, but deal with us in thy forbearance and in thy
abundant mercy. [20] Deliver us in accordance with thy marvellous works, and
give glory, to thy name, O Lord!"

*********************************************************************************** Commentary:

3:1-68. As we have said, this section comes from the Greek versions and the
New Vulgate translates it from Theodotion’s version; it contains two pieces in
verse; the first is a penitential piece, attributed to Azariah only (3:3-22); the se-
cond is a canticle of thanksgiving (3:29-68) sung by the three young men. Each
piece is introduced by a prose description of the scene in the furnace (3:1-2;
23-28). The whole episode bears out the truth of what God told Israel in Isaiah
43:2: “When you walk through fire you shall not be burned."

3:3-22. As is conventional in penitential psalms, this begins by proclaiming that
God is just in all his dealings, even when he punishes his people (vv. 3-5; cf. Ps.
32). Then it accepts that the people’s sins justify all that has befallen. them (even
giving them over to the most wicked king in all the earth, vv. 6-10: perhaps a refe-
rence to Antiochus IV). Finally, it asks for God to take action on the grounds of
the Covenant made with their ancestors (vv. 11-13) and the fact that the people
have been brought so low and do repent their sins (vv. 14-48); God’s goodness
and mercy must now be revealed; his very honor requires that he rescue them
(vv. 19-22).

Gospel Reading: Matthew 18:21-35

Forgiveness of Injuries. The Parable of the Unforgiving Servant
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [21] Then Peter came up and said to Him (Jesus), "Lord, how often shall my
brother sin against me, and I forgive him? As many as seven times?" [22]
Jesus said to him, "I do not say to you seven times, but seventy times seven.

[23] "Therefore the Kingdom of Heaven may be compared to a king who wished
to settle accounts with his servants. [24] When he began the reckoning, one
was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents; [25] and as he could
not pay, his lord ordered him to be sold, with his wife and children and all that
he had, and payment to be made. [26] So the servant fell on his knees, implo-
ring him, 'Lord, have patience with me, and I will pay you everything.' [27] And
out of pity for him the lord of that servant released him and forgave him the debt.
[28] But that same servant, as he went out, came upon one of his fellow servants
who owed him a hundred denarii; and seizing him by the throat he said, `Pay
what you owe.' [29] So his fellow servant fell down and besought him, `Have
patience with me, and I will pay you.' [30] He refused and went and put him in
prison till he should pay his debt. [31] When his fellow servants saw what had
taken place, they were greatly distressed, and they went and reported to their
lord all that had taken place. [32] Then his lord summoned him and said to him,
`You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt because you besought me; [33]
and should not you have had mercy on your fellow servant, as I had mercy on
you?' [34] And in anger his lord delivered him to the jailers, till he should pay all
his debt. [35] So also My Heavenly Father will do to every one of you, if you do
not forgive your brother from your heart."

*********************************************************************************** Commentary:

21-35. Peter's question and particularly Jesus' reply prescribe the spirit of under-
standing and mercy which should govern Christians' behavior. **********
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**********

21-35. 베드로의 질문 그리고 특히 예수님의 대답은 그리스도인들의 처신을 지배하여야
하는 이해와 자비의 정신을 규정한다.

In Hebrew the figure of seventy times seven means the same as "always" (cf.
Genesis 4:24): "Therefore, our Lord did not limit forgiveness to a fixed number,
but declared that it must be continuous and forever" (Chrysostom, "Hom. on St
Matthew", 6). Here also we can see the contrast between man's ungenerous,
calculating approach to forgiveness, and God's infinite mercy. The parable also
clearly shows that we are totally in God's debt. A talent was the equivalent of
six thousand denarii, and a denarius a working man's daily wage. Ten thousand
talents, an enormous sum, gives us an idea of the immense value attaching to
the pardon we receive from God. Overall, the parable teaches that we must
always forgive our brothers, and must do so wholeheartedly.

히브리어에 있어 일흔 곱하기 일곱(seventy times seven)이라는 숫자는 다음과 같이
'항상(always)'과 꼭 같은 의미를 가진다(창세기 4,24를 참조하라): "그러므로, 우리의
주님께서는 용서를 어떤 고정된 숫자로 제한하셨던 것이 아니고, 그것이 계속적이어야
하며 그리고 영원하여야 한다고 선포하셨다." [크리소스토모(Chrysostom), "Hom.
on St Matthes", 6]. 여기서 또한 우리는 용서에 있어 사람의 관대하지 않은 계산하는
접근과, 하느님의 무한한 자비 사이의 대조를 볼 수 있다. 이 비유는 또한 우리가
전적으로 하느님께 빚을 지고 있음을 분명하게 보여준다. 1 탈란트는 육천 데나리온과
동등하였으며, 그리고 1 데나리온은 일꾼의 하루치 품삯이었다. 엄청난 합인, 일만
탈란트는 우리가 하느님으로부터 받는 사면에 결부되어 있는 엄청난 가치에 대한
생각(an idea)을 우리에게 제공한다. 전반적으로, 이 비유는 우리가 항상 우리의
형제들을 용서하여야 하며, 그리고 진심으로 그렇게 하여야 함을 가르친다.

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번역자 주: 위에서 인용하고 있는 성 요한 크리소스토모의 해설 전문은 다음의 [61]에
있으니 참고하라:
http://www.clerus.org/bibliaclerusonline/en/cm0.htm#ff
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"Force yourself, if necessary, always to forgive those who offend you, from the
very first moment. For the greatest injury or offense that you can suffer from
them is nothing compared to what God has pardoned you" (St. J. Escriva, "The
Way", 452).

"만약에 필요하다면, 그대를 해치는 자들을, 첫 순간부터, 항상 용서하도록 스스로에게
강제하도록 하라. 이는 그들로부터 그대가 겪을 수 있는 가장 커다란 피해 혹은
공격마저도 하느님께서그대에게 이미 사면해 주셨던 바에 비교한다면 아무 것도
아니기 때문이다. [성 호세마리아 에스크리바(St. J. Escriva), "The Way", 452].
　

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Source: "The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries". Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States. We encourage readers to purchase
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