Saturday

14th Week of Ordinary Time

¡¡

(I) 1st Reading: Genesis 49:29-32; 50:15-26a

The Death of Jacob
----------------------------
[29] Then he (Jacob) charged them, and said to them, "I am to be gathered to
my people; bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron
the Hittite, [30] in the cave that is in the field at Machpelah, to the east of Mam-
re, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field from Ephron the
Hittite to possess as a burying place. [31] There they buried Abraham and Sa-
rah his wife; there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried
Leah --[32] the field and the cave that is in it were purchased from the Hittites."

After the Death of Jacob
-----------------------------------
[15] When Joseph's brothers saw that their father was dead, they said, "It may
be that Joseph will hate us and pay us back for all the evil which we did to him."
[16] So they sent a message to Joseph, saying, "Your father gave this com-
mand before he died, [17] 'Say to Joseph, Forgive, I pray you, the transgression
of your brothers and their sin, because they did evil to you.' And now, we pray
you, forgive the transgression of the servants of the God of your father." Joseph
wept when they spoke to him. [18] His brothers also came and fell down before
him, and said, "Behold, we are your servants." [19] But Joseph said to them,
"Fear not, for am I in the place of God? [20] As for you, you meant evil against
me; but God meant it for good, to bring it about that many people should be
kept alive, as they are today. [21] So do not fear; I will provide for you and your
little ones." Thus he reassured them and comforted them. [22] So Joseph dwelt
in Egypt, he and his father's house; and Joseph lived a hundred and ten years.
[23] And Joseph saw Ephraim's children of the third generation; the children
also of Machir the son of Manasseh were born upon Joseph's knees.

The Death of Joseph
------------------------------
[24] And Joseph said to his brothers, "I am about to die; but God will visit you,
and bring you up out of this land to the land which he swore to Abraham, to
Isaac, and to Jacob." [25] Then Joseph took an oath of the Sons of Israel, sa-
ying, "God will visit you, and you shall carry up my bones from here." [26] So
Joseph died, being a hundred and ten years old; and they embalmed him, and
he was put in a coffin in Egypt.

*********************************************************************************************
Commentary:

49:29-32. This repeats, in different words, the information given in 47:29-31, but
now with express reference to the life and burial of the previous patriarchs, Abra-
ham (cf. 23:1-20; 25:9) and Isaac (cf. 25:27-29). This is the only place where it
is mentioned that Abraham, Rebekah and Leah were buried here. The passage
acts as a reminder that they belong where their ancestors are, and that they
must return there. The scene is set for the theme of the book of Exodus. Verse
32 is missing from the Vulgate Latin version.

50:1-26. In this final chapter further stress is put on the greatness of the figure
of Jacob by the account of that great mourning (vv. 1-14); and the meaning is
clearly revealed of the entire story of Joseph and his brothers in the context of
God's plans (vv. 15-26).

50:15-21. In spite of the marks of fraternity Joseph has shown his brothers, when
they lose their common father they also seem to lose their sense of fraternity.
They continue to see things from a very human perspective; whereas Joseph has
a more supernatural outlook, which also extends to his hope in the future (cf. v.
24). In this way the book of Genesis concludes its account of the origins of the
world, of mankind and of the people of God, leaving the way open to a new and
decisive intervention by God -- the great deliverance from Egypt, which the book
of Exodus will recount.

50:22-26. The Lord has blessed Joseph with a long life and the joy of seeing his
great-grandchildren. Even as he dies, Joseph continues to think about his people,
whose destiny (he reminds them) is the fulfillment of the promise God made to
his ancestors. Joseph reaffirms that that promise will be kept, and he feels that
he has a part in it. Therefore, he makes them swear that his bones will be taken
up from Egypt to the promised land. And so the book of Genesis comes to an
end, by showing Joseph's faith in the divine promises and inviting the reader, no
matter what happens, to keep alive his or her hope in God's active help.
¡¡

(II) 1st Reading: Isaiah 6:1-8

The Lord calls Isaiah
------------------------------
[1] In the year that King Uzziah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high
and lifted up; and his train filled the temple. [2] Above him stood the seraphim;
each had six wings: with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his
feet, and with two he flew. [3] And one called to another and said:

¡°Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts;
the whole earth is full of his glory.¡±

[4] And the foundations of the thresholds shook at the voice of him who called,
and the house was filled with smoke. [5] And I said: ¡°Woe is me! For I am lost;
for I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips;
for my eyes have seen the King, the Lord of hosts!¡±

[6] Then flew one of the seraphim to me, having in his hand a burning coal which 
he had taken with tongs from the altar. [7] And he touched my mouth, and said:
¡°Behold, this has touched your lips; your guilt is taken away, and your sin forgiven.¡±
[8] And I heard the voice of the Lord saying, ¡°Whom shall I send, and who will go
for us?¡± Then I said, ¡°Here am I! Send me.¡±

*********************************************************************************************
Commentary:

6:1-13. As an introduction to what is called the ¡°Book of Immanuel¡± (7:1-12:6) we 
get this account of how the Lord called Isaiah to be a prophet, sending him to his
people at the time of the Syrian-Ephraimite coalition to explain to them what is 
going on and how they should act.

6:1-13. "ÀÓ¸¶´©¿¤ÀÇ Ã¥(Book of Immanuel)"(ÀÌ»ç¾ß 7,1-12,6)À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ¹Ù¿¡ 
´ëÇÑ ÀÔ¹®(introduction)À¸·Î¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ÁÖ´Ô²²¼­
ÀÌ»ç¾ß(Isaiah)¸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÑ ¸íÀÇ 
¿¹¾ðÀÚ°¡ µÇµµ·Ï ºÒ·¯³»¼Ì´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº À̾߱⸦, Áï
½Ã¸®¾Æ¿Í ¿¡ÇÁ¶óÀÓÀÇ 
ÀÚ¼ÕµéÀÇ ¿¬ÇÕ(Syrian-Ephraimite coalition)
ÀÇ ½Ã±â(ÀÌ»ç¾ß 7,5 ÂüÁ¶)¿¡ ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌ 
¹ú¾îÁö°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇൿÇÏ¿©¾ß¸¸ ÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ ¼³¸íÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ±×¸¦ 
´ç½ÅÀÇ ¹é¼º¿¡°Ô ÆÄ°ßÇϽô À̾߱⸦, °¡Áý´Ï´Ù(get).


The account begins with a theophany (vv. 1-4), which is one of the key points in 
this book¡¯s message. God manifests himself seated in the manner of eastern 
kings, surrounded by his angelic court (the ¡°seraphim¡±), who extol the holiness
of the Lord: he clearly is Lord of all. In this vision, God is depicted as the thrice 
holy (v. 3), the highest form of superlative available in Hebrew. Being holy im-
plies standing apart -- standing above everything else. God stands far above all
other beings and he is their creator. In Hebrew ¡°holy" includes the idea of ¡°sacred¡±.
It means that God has none of the limitations and imperfections that created
beings have.

ÀÌ À̾߱â´Â ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ÇöÇö(úéúÞ, a theophany)(Á¦1-4Àý)°ú ÇÔ²² ½ÃÀÛÇϴµ¥, ÀÌ ÇöÇöÀº 
¹Ù·Î ÀÌ Ã¥ÀÇ ¸Þ½ÃÁö ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÇÙ½É ¿äÁöµé ÁßÀÇ ÇÑ °³ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏ´À´Ô²²¼­´Â, ´ÙÀ½°ú 
°°ÀÌ ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ °Å·èÇÔÀ» Å©°Ô Âù¾çÇÏ´Â:
´ç½Å²²¼­´Â ¸¸±ºÀÇ ÁÖ´ÔÀ̽ʴϴÙ, ´ç½ÅÀÇ 
õ»çµé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø Á¶½Å(ðÈãí)µé(angelic court)
["»ç¶ø(the seraphim)µé"]·Î µÑ·¯½ÎÀÎ, 
µ¿¹æÀÇ ÀӱݵéÀÇ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ´ç½Å ÀÚ½ÅÀ» µå·¯³»½Ê´Ï´Ù.
¹Ù·Î ÀÌ È¯½Ã¿¡¼­, ÇÏ´À´Ô²²¼­´Â, 
È÷ºê¸®¾î¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀÔ¼öÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ»ó±Þ ÁßÀÇ ÃÖ°íÀÇ Çü½ÄÀÎ, 3¹è·Î °Å·èÇϽŠºÐ(the 
thrice holy)(Á¦3Àý)À¸·Î¼­ ¹¦»çµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °Å·èÇÏ´Ù´Â °Í(being holy)Àº, ´Ù¸¥ ¸ðµç 
°Í À§¿¡ ¼­ ÀÖÀ½À¸·Î½á(standing), µû·Î ¶³¾îÁ® ¼­ ÀÖÀ½À» ¶æÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
(*)
ÇÏ´À´Ô²²¼­´Â 
´Ù¸¥ ÀÖÀ½(beings)µé ¸ðµÎ À§¿¡ ¸Ö¸® ¼­ °è½Ã¸ç ±×¸®°í ´ç½Å²²¼­´Â ±×µéÀÇ Ã¢Á¶ÁÖÀ̽ʴϴÙ.
È÷ºê¸®¾î¿¡ ÀÖ¾î "°Å·èÇÑ(holy)"Àº "¼º½º·¯¿î(sacred)"À̶ó´Â °³³äÀ» ¸¶¹«¸®µé°ú ÇÔ²² 
¿Ï¹ÌÇÏ°Ô ÇÕ´Ï´Ù(includes, ÀǹÌÇÏ´Ù).
(**)
ÀÌ ´Ü¾î´Â âÁ¶µÈ ÀÖÀ½(created beings)µéÀÌ 
°¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ÇÑ°è(limitations)µé°ú ºÒ¿Ï¹Ì[imperfections, Áï ¿ÏÀüÇÏÁö(complete) 
¾Ê°Å³ª ȤÀº ¾î¶² °áÇÔ(defect)ÀÌ ÀÖÀ½]µé
(***) ÁßÀÇ ¾î¶°ÇÑ °Íµµ ÇÏ´À´Ô²²¼­ °¡Áö°í 
ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ¸½ÉÀ» ÀǹÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

-----
(*) ¹ø¿ªÀÚ ÁÖ: 
(1) ¿©±â¼­ "being holy(°Å·èÇÏ´Ù´Â °Í)"À̶ó´Â Ç¥ÇöÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °³³ä ȤÀº Àǹ̰¡ Á¤Àǵǰí 
ÀÖ´Ù. 

(2) ±×¸®°í "°Å·èÇϽôÙ, °Å·èÇϽôÙ, °Å·èÇϽôÙ!(Holy, Holy, Holy!" ¶ó´Â "3¹è·Î 
°Å·èÇϽŠºÐ(the thrice holy)"(Á¦3Àý)
¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÖ°íÀÇ Áö±ØÇÑ Âù¹Ì´Â ¿äÇÑ ¹¬½Ã·Ï 4,8¿¡¼­ 
¶ÇÇÑ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

(3) ±×¸®°í ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ "3¹è·Î °Å·èÇϽŠºÐ(the thrice holy)"(Á¦3Àý)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÖ°íÀÇ 
Áö±ØÇÑ Âù¹Ì´Â ·Î¸¶ Àü·Ê ¿¹½Ä¼­(the Roman liturgy)¿¡ ÀÖ¾î, ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ ÇüÁ¦ÀÎ ¼º ¾ß°íº¸
(St. James)
°¡ ÁÖ±³¿´´ø, Àû¾îµµ ÀÌ¹Ì ±â¿øÈÄ 50³â°æ¿¡ Áö»ó¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø, ù ¹ø° 
±×¸®½ºµµ±³ ±³È¸ÀÎ ¿¹·ç»ì·½ ±³È¸ÀÇ ¿¹½Ä¼­(Rite of Jerusalem), Áï, ¼º ¾ß°íº¸ Àü·Ê
(Liturgy of St. James)
¿¡¼­ºÎÅÍ Áö±Ý±îÁö ¿ÂÀüÇÑ ¾ç½ÄÀ¸·Î Àß º¸Á¸µÇ¾î °¡Å縯 
±×¸®½ºµµ±³
¼ºÂù·Ê ¿¹½Ä¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ¾î ¿Ô°í ¶Ç Áö±Ýµµ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â, ±×¸®°í ¿¹¼ö À縲ÀÇ 
³¯(Parousia)±îÁö ¹Ýµå½Ã »ç¿ëµÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÏ´Â, ÃÖ°í(in the sense of both the oldest and the 
highest prayer)ÀÇ ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ Àü·ÊÀÇ ÇÙ½É ±âµµ¹®ÀÎ,  "°¨»ç±âµµ Á¦1¾ç½Ä(the Canon of 
the Mass)"
¹Ù·Î Á÷Àü¿¡¼­, Áï "¼ºÂù Àü·Ê(Liturgy of the Eucharist)" ÁßÀÇ "°¨»ç±âµµ
(the Eucharistic Prayer)"
ÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ ºÎºÐÀÎ "°¨»ç¼Û(Preface)" ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¹Ù·Î À̾îÁö´Â 
"°Å·èÇϽõµ´Ù(Sanctus)"¿¡¼­, ¶ÇÇÑ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖÀ½À» ¹Ýµå½Ã ÁÖ¸ñÇ϶ó.

(4) ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ, "ÀÓ¸¶´©¿¤ÀÇ Ã¥"À¸·Î ºÒ¸®´Â ÀÌ»ç¾ß¼­ 7,1-12,6ÀÇ ÀÔ¹®(introduction, 
introductus)
ÀÎ ÀÌ»ç¾ß¼­ 6,1-13¿¡¼­¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÑ Èì¼þÁö·Ê¸¦ õÁÖ²² ¹ÙÄ¡¸é¼­ "½Å¾ÓÀÇ 
½Åºñ(the mystery of faith)"
¾ÈÂÊÀ¸·Î ¿­½É ½ÅÀÚµéÀÌ µé¾î°¡µµ·Ï ·Î¸¶ Àü·Ê ¿¹½Ä¼­°¡ 
¸¶·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ½¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ°í ¶Ç ±íÀÌ ¹¬»óÇϵµ·Ï Ç϶ó.

(**) µû¶ó¼­, ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ ½ÅÇп¡ ÀÖ¾î "°Å·èÇÑ(holy)" °ÍÀº Ç×»ó "¼º½º·¯¿ì³ª(sacred)"
±×·¯³ª ±× ¿ªÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¼º¸³ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇ϶ó. ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ 
±Û¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸´Ï Çʵ¶Ç϶ó:
http://ch.catholic.or.kr/pundang/4/soh/1328.htm 

(***) "¿Ï¹Ì(èÇÚ¸)ÇÑ(perfect)"¿Í "¿ÏÀüÇÑ(complete)" ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡Àº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ±Û¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸´Ï 
Çʵ¶Ç϶ó. ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ ½ÅÇп¡ ÀÖ¾î, "¿Ï¹ÌÇÑ(perfect)" °ÍÀº Ç×»ó "¿ÏÀüÇϳª(complete)"
±×·¯³ª ±× ¿ªÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¼º¸³ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇ϶ó:
http://ch.catholic.or.kr/pundang/4/soh/complete_vs_perfect_concept_error.htm 
-----

The holiness and majesty of God fill Isaiah with a sense of his own uncleaness 
and that of his people (v. 5). Typically, visions of God in biblical history induce
feelings of fear in the seer; we even see this in the angel¡¯s announcement to 
Mary (cf. Lk 1:30): ¡°Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favour with God.¡±
¡°Faced with God¡¯s fascinating and mysterious presence, man discovers his own
insignificance. Before the burning bush, Moses takes off his sandals and veils 
his face (cf. Ex 3:5-6) in the presence of God¡¯s holiness. Before the glory of 
the thrice-holy God, Isaiah cries out: ¡®Woe is me! I am lost; for I am a man of 
unclean lips¡¯ (Is 6:5). Before the divine signs wrought by Jesus, Peter exclaims:
¡®Depart from me, for I am a sinful man, O Lord¡¯ (Lk 5:8). But because God is
holy, he can forgive the man who realizes that he is a sinner before him: ¡®I will
not execute my fierce anger . . . for I am God and not man, the Holy One in
your midst (Hos 11:9)¡¯¡± (Catechism of the Catholic Church, 208).

ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ °Å·èÇϽɰú À§¾öÀº ÀÌ»ç¾ß¸¦ ÀڽŠ°íÀ¯ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ÇÔ(uncleaness)°ú ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ 
¼ÓÇÑ ¹é¼ºÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ÇÔÀ̶ó´Â
(Á¦5Àý) ¾î¶² Áö°¢(a sense)À¸·Î ä¿ó´Ï´Ù. ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î, 
¼º°æÀÇ ¿ª»ç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÇÏ´À´ÔÀ» ºË´Â °Í(visions of God)µéÀº º¸´Â Ãø¿¡ ÀÖ¾î µÎ·Á¿òÀÇ 
´À³¦(feelings)µéÀ» ¾ß±âÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®´Â ½ÉÁö¾î, ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº,
¸¶¸®¾Æ(Mary)¸¦ 
ÇâÇϴ õ»çÀÇ °íÁö
(·çÄ« º¹À½¼­ 1,30 ÂüÁ¶)¿¡¼­µµ ÀÌ°ÍÀ» º¾´Ï´Ù: "µÎ·Á¿öÇÏÁö ¸¶¶ó, 
¸¶¸®¾Æ¾ß. ³Ê´Â ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ÃѾָ¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù." "ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ È²È¦ÇÑ ±×¸®°í ½ÅºñÇÑ(mysterious) 
ÇöÁ¸°ú Á÷¸éÇÏ¿©, »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °íÀ¯ÇÑ ÇÏÂúÀ½(insignificance)À» ¹ß°ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ºÒŸ´Â 
¶³±â ³ª¹« ¾Õ¿¡¼­, ¸ð¼¼(Moses)´Â ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ °Å·èÇÔÀÇ ÇöÁ¸ ¾È¿¡¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Å¹ßµéÀ» 
¹þ°í ±×¸®°í ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ó±¼À» °¡¸³´Ï´Ù (â¼¼±â 3,5-6 ÂüÁ¶). 3¹èÀÇ °Å·èÇÑ ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ 
¿µ±¤ ¾Õ¿¡¼­, ÀÌ»ç¾ß´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ °íÇÔÁö¸¨´Ï´Ù(cries out): 'Å«Àϳµ±¸³ª. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦ 
¸ÁÇß´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÔ¼úÀÌ ´õ·¯¿î »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù' (ÀÌ»ç¾ß 6,5). ¿¹¼ö´Ô¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÇàÇÏ¿©Á³´ø 
ÇÏ´À´ÔÀǠǥ¡(divine signs)µé ¾Õ¿¡¼­, º£µå·Î(Peter)´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¿ÜĨ´Ï´Ù: 'ÁÖ´Ô, 
Àú¿¡°Ô¼­ ¶°³ª ÁֽʽÿÀ. Àú´Â ÁË ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷ÀÔ´Ï´Ù' (·çÄ« º¹À½¼­ 5,8). ±×·¯³ª 
ÇÏ´À´Ô²²¼­´Â °Å·èÇϽñ⠶§¹®¿¡, ´ç½Å ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ÇÑ ¸íÀÇ ÁËÀÎÀÓÀ» ¾Ë¾ÆÂ÷¸®´Â 
»ç¶÷À» ´ç½Å²²¼­´Â ¿ë¼­ÇØ ÁÖ½Ç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù(can): '³ª´Â Ÿ¿À¸£´Â ³» ºÐ³ë´ë·Î ÇൿÇÏÁö 
¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀε¥ ... ÀÌ´Â ³»°¡ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ³× °¡¿îµ¥¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °Å·èÇÑ ÀÌ(the Holy 
One)À̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù' (È£¼¼¾Æ 11,9)'" [°¡Å縯 ±³È¸ ±³¸®¼­(Catechism of the Catholic 
Church), Á¦208Ç×].


Isaiah is cleansed and consoled as soon as he humbly acknowledges his unwor-
thiness and insignificance before God (vv. 6-7). His instinctive sense of fear is
immediately replaced by a generous and trusting response on the prophet¡¯s part: 
he is ready to do what God wants (v. 8). ¡°In their ¡®one to one¡¯ encounters with 
God the prophets draw light and strength for their mission. Their prayer is not 
flight from this unfaithful world, but rather attentiveness to the Word of God. At 
times their prayer is an argument or a complaint, but it is always an intercession 
that awaits and prepares for the intervention of the Saviour God, the Lord of his-
tory (cf. Amos 7:2, 5; Is 6:5, 8, 11; Jer 1:6; 15:15-18; 20:7-18)¡± (Catechism of
the Catholic Church, 2584).

ÀÌ»ç¾ß´Â, ±×°¡ ÇÏ´À´Ô ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °¡Ä¡¾øÀ½°ú ÇÏÂúÀ½À» °â¼ÕÇÏ°Ô ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, 
±ú²ýÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í ±×¸®°í À§·Î¹Þ½À´Ï´Ù
(Á¦6-7Àý). µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×ÀÇ º»´ÉÀû °¨°¢Àº 
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÀÌ ¿¹¾ðÀÚÀÇ Ãø¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¾î¶² °ü´ëÇÏ°í ±×¸®°í ½Å·ÚÇÏ´Â ÀÀ´äÀ¸·Î Áï½Ã 
±³Ã¼µË´Ï´Ù:
±×´Â ÇÏ´À´Ô²²¼­ ¿øÇϽô ¹Ù¸¦ ÇàÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù(Á¦8Àý). 
"ÇÏ´À´Ô°ú ±×µéÀÇ 'ÀÏ ´ë ÀÏ' ¸¶ÁÖħµé ¾È¿¡¼­ ¿¹¾ðÀÚµéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ »ç¸íÀ» À§ÇÑ ºû°ú 
±»¼À(strength)À» µµÃâÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ±âµµ´Â ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÒ½Å¾ÓÀÇ ¼¼»óÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ µµÁÖ
(flight)°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ °Å·èÇÑ ¸»¾¸(the Word of God)À» ÇâÇÏ¿© ±Í¸¦ 
±â¿ïÀÓ(attentativeness)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¶§·Î´Â ±×µéÀÇ ±âµµ°¡ ¾î¶² ÁÖÀå ȤÀº ¾î¶² ºÒÆòÀ̱⵵ 
Çϳª, ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀº, ¿ª»çÀÇ ÁÖ´ÔÀ̽Å, ±¸¼¼ÁÖÀ̽ŠÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ °³ÀÔÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ±â´Ù¸®°í 
±×¸®°í ÁغñÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² ªÀº ±â°£(an intersession)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù (¾Æ¸ð½º 7,2; ÀÌ»ç¾ß 6,5.8.11; 
¿¹·¹¹Ì¾ß 1,6; 15,15-18; 20,7-18)" [°¡Å縯 ±³È¸ ±³¸®¼­(Catechism of the Catholic 
Church), Á¦2584Ç×]


Finally, the Lord entrusts him with his mission. The message he is to deliver is 
hard-hitting and full of paradoxes (vv. 9-10). The task given him is not, as one 
might at first think, to render the people incapable of hearing and understanding 
the word of God that could move their hearts. It is, rather, to tell them that if 
they fail to listen to the word of God, their hearts will be blinded: they will not be 
able to see things right and, because of that, the sinner will feel no need to take 
stock of his position and be converted. The Synoptic Gospels interpret Jesus¡¯
preaching as a fulfilment of what is said here in vv. 9-10 (Mt 13:13-15; Mk 4:11-
12). The Gospel of St John sees these same words as anticipating what will
happen to those who reject Jesus¡¯ message: ¡°Therefore they could not believe.
For Isaiah again said, ¡®He has blinded their eyes and hardened their heart, lest
they should see with their eyes and perceive with their heart, and turn for me to
heal them.¡¯ Isaiah said this because he saw his glory and spoke of him¡± (Jn
12:27-41). And St Paul also uses vv. 9-10 to reproach the Jews of Rome for
rejecting the Good News of salvation in Christ which he is proclaiming to them
(cf. Acts 28:23-28).

¸¶Ä§³», ÁÖ´Ô²²¼­´Â ±×ÀÇ »ç¸íÀ» ±×¿¡°Ô ¸Ã±â½Ê´Ï´Ù. ±×°¡ Àü´ÞÇÒ ¸Þ½ÃÁö´Â Ãæ°ÝÀ» 
ÁÙ ¸¸ÇÏ°í ±×¸®°í ¸ð¼øµé·Î °¡µæ Â÷ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù
(Á¦9-10Àý). ±×¿¡°Ô ÁÖ¾îÁø ÀÓ¹«´Â, 
¿ì¸®°¡ óÀ½¿¡ »ý°¢ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ» µíÇÑ, ±×µéÀÇ ½ÉÀå(hearts)µéÀ» ¿òÁ÷ÀÏ ¼ö Àִ 
ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ¸»¾¸À» ÀÌ ¹é¼ºÀÌ µéÀ» ¼öµµ ¾ø°í ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼öµµ ¾ø°Ô ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ 
¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÓ¹«´Â, ±×º¸´Ù´Â, ¸¸¾à¿¡ ±×µéÀÌ ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ¸»¾¸¿¡ ±Í¸¦ ±â¿ïÀÌ´Â µ¥¿¡ 
½ÇÆÐÇϸé, ±×µéÀÇ ½ÉÀå(hearts)µéÀÌ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ´«À» ¸Ö°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÓÀ» ±×µé¿¡°Ô 
¸»Çϴ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù
: ±×µéÀº »ç¹°µéÀ» ¿Ã¹Ù¸£°Ô(right) º¼ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×¸®°í ¹Ù·Î 
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯ ¶§¹®¿¡, ÁËÀÎÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »óÅÂ(position)¸¦ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ »ìÆì º¼(take the 
stock of) Çʿ伺À» ´À³¢Áö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ°í ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ȸ½ÉÀ» ÇÒ(be converted) Çʿ伺À» 
´À³¢Áö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °ø°ü º¹À½¼­µéÀº ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀÇ ¼³±³(preaching)¸¦ ¿©±â 
Á¦9-10Àý¿¡¼­ ¸»ÇØÁö°í ÀÖ´Â ¹ÙÀÇ ±¸Çö(a fulfilment)À¸·Î¼­ Çؼ®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (¸¶Å¿À 
º¹À½¼­ 13,13-15; ¸¶¸£ÄÚ º¹À½¼­ 4,11-12; ·çÄ« º¹À½¼­ 8,9).
¼º ¿äÇÑ
(St. John)ÀÇ º¹À½¼­´Â À̵頵¿ÀÏÇÑ Ç¥ÇöµéÀ», ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ, ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀÇ ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ 
°ÅºÎÇÏ´Â Àڵ鿡°Ô ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö¸¦ ¿¹»óÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ º¾´Ï´Ù
:
"... 
¿¹¼ö´Ô²²¼­´Â ±×µé ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ±×Åä·Ï ¸¹Àº ǥ¡À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°¼ÌÁö¸¸, ±×µéÀº ±×ºÐÀ» ¹ÏÁö 
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ÀÌ»ç¾ß ¿¹¾ðÀÚ°¡ ÇÑ ¸»ÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö·Á°í ±×¸®µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 'ÁÖ´Ô, ÀúÈñ°¡ 
ÀüÇÑ ¸»À» ´©°¡ ¹Ï¾ú½À´Ï±î? ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ ±Ç´ÉÀÌ ´©±¸¿¡°Ô µå·¯³µ½À´Ï±î?' (ÀÌ»ç¾ß 53,1)  
±×µéÀÌ ¹ÏÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´ø ±î´ßÀ» ÀÌ»ç¾ß´Â ¶Ç ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 'ÁÖ´ÔÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ ´«À» 
¸Ö°Ô ÇÏ°í ±×µéÀÌ ¸¶À½(Áï, ½ÉÀå)(*)À» ¹«µð°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±×µéÀÌ ´«À¸·Î º¸°í 
¸¶À½
(Áï, ½ÉÀå)
À¸·Î ±ú´Ý°í¼­´Â µ¹¾Æ¿Í ³»°¡ ±×µéÀ» °íÃÄ ÁÖ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø°Ô ÇÏ·Á´Â 
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.' (ÀÌ»ç¾ß 6,9-10)" (¿äÇÑ º¹À½¼­ 12,27-41)±×¸®°í ¼º ¹Ù¿À·Î(St. 
Paul)
´Â ·Î¸¶ÀÇ À¯´ÙÀεéÀÌ, ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¼±Æ÷ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â, ±×¸®½ºµµ 
¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±¸¿øÀÇ º¹À½(the Good News of salvation)À» °ÅºÎÇÔ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© 
Ã¥¸ÁÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿©
Á¦9-10ÀýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù (»çµµÇàÀü 28,23-28 ÂüÁ¶).

-----
(*) ¹ø¿ªÀÚ ÁÖ: 
(1) ´ÙÀ½Àº ÀÌ»ç¾ß 6,10¿¡¼­ »ç¿ë ÁßÀÎ ¹ø¿ª Ç¥ÇöÀÎ
"¸¶À½"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÖ¼® ¼º°æÀÇ ÁÖ¼®ÀÇ  
ù ¹®ÀåÀÌ´Ù:

(¹ßÃé ½ÃÀÛ)
"¸¶À½À» ¹«µð°Ô ÇÏ°í"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÖ¼®ÀÇ Ã¹ ¹®Àå:
Á÷¿ª: "... ..."
¸¶À½À» ±â¸§Áö°Ô ÇÏ°í." ¸¶À½ °ð ½ÉÀå¿¡ ±â¸§±â°¡ ³Ê¹« ³¢¾î µÐÇØÁö°í °á±¹ 
¿òÀÛÀÓÀ» ¸ØÃá´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 
(ÀÌ»ó, ¹ßÃé ³¡).   

(2) NAB¿¡¼­ "heart"·Î ¹ø¿ªµÇ´Â Ç¥ÇöÀ», "»õ ¹ø¿ª ¼º°æ"¿¡¼­ ±ÛÀÚ ±×´ë·Î "½ÉÀå"À¸·Î 
¹ø¿ªÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, "¸¶À½"À¸·Î
À߸ø ¹ø¿ªÇÑ °ÍÀÌ, ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, °¡Å縯 ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ÃøÀÇ Çٽɠ
¹®Çåµé ÁßÀÇ ÇϳªÀÎ ¼º Å丶½º ¾ÆÄû³ª½º(St. Thomas Aquinas)ÀÇ ½ÅÇÐ ´ëÀü(Summa 
Theologica)ÀÇ º»¹®µé°ú ¾î¶°ÇÑ ½É°¢ÇÑ Ãæµ¹À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©¼­´Â ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ 
±ÛÀ» Àеµ·Ï Ç϶ó:
http://ch.catholic.or.kr/pundang/4/soh/1032.htm 
-----


The people¡¯s hardness of heart will merit severe punishment; cities and houses 
will be laid waste, but all will not be lost: a holy seed will remain and from it the 
tree will grow back again (v. 11-13). These verses carry a message for people 
in all ages. Isaiah approaches God in all humility, showing him every reverence, 
and at the same time he puts his trust in God. For his part, the Lord cleanses 
his chosen ones and sends them out to help in his work of salvation. Origen, 
who commented on this passage a number of times, points out: ¡°May burning 
coals be brought from the altar of heaven to burn my lips. If the burning coals 
of the Lord touch my lips, they will be purified; and when they are purified and
cleansed of all sin, [¡¦] my mouth will be opened to the Word of God and I will
not utter another impure word [...]. The seraphim who was sent to purify the
prophet¡¯s lips did not purify the lips of the people [¡¦]; therefore, they contin-
ued to live in sin, and now they deny the Lord Jesus Christ and curse him from
their unclean mouths. For my part, I pray that the seraphim will come to 
cleanse my lips (Homiliae in Isaiam, 1, 4). All we need is the same humble 
docility that Isaiah had: ¡°Having received the grace of God, he did not want it to 
be a gift granted to him to no avail, without being put to work in everything that
needed to be done. Seeing the seraphim and the Lord of hosts seated on high,
on his throne of glory, he said: ¡®Woe me ...¡®. By speaking thus and making
himself ¡®unworthy¡¯, he received the help of God because He took in(to) account his
humility¡± (ibid., 6:2). And St John Chrysostom, commenting on Isaiah¡¯s res-
ponse to God, says that the prophet shows readiness to carry out his mission
to the people because ¡°since the saints are friends of God, they, too, love all
men dearly¡± (In Isaiam, 6, 5).

ÀÌ ¹é¼ºÀÇ ½ÉÀåÀÇ ±»À½(hardness)Àº Ȥµ¶ÇÑ ¹úÀ» ¸¶¶¥È÷ ¹ÞÀ»¸¸ ÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×¸®°í 
¼ºÀ¾µé°ú ÁÖÅõéÀº ȲÆóÇÏ°Ô µÉ°ÍÀ̳ª, ±×·¯³ª ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÀÒÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» 
°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù:
ÇÑ °³ÀÇ °Å·èÇÑ ¾¾¾Ñ(a holy seed)Àº »ì¾Æ³²À» °ÍÀÌ¸ç ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ¾¾¾ÑÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ 
³ª¹«°¡ ´Ù½Ã ¿ø·¡ »óÅ·ΠÀÚ¶ó³¯ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù(Á¦11-13Àý). À̵é ÀýµéÀº ¸ðµç ½Ã´ë¿¡ À־
»ç¶÷µéÀ» À§ÇÑ ÇÑ °³ÀÇ ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ÀüÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ»ç¾ß´Â, ÇÏ´À´Ô²² ¸ðµç °ø°æ(reverence)À» 
º¸ÀÓÀ¸·Î½á, ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀÇ °â¼Õ ¾È¿¡¼­ ÇÏ´À´Ô²² ´Ù°¡°¡¸ç, ±×¸®°í µ¿½Ã¿¡ ±×´Â ÇÏ´À´ÔÀ» 
½Å·ÚÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀÇ Ãø¿¡ ÀÖ¾î(for his part), ÁÖ´Ô²²¼­´Â ´ç½ÅÀÇ ¼±ÅÃµÈ ÀÚµéÀ» ±ú²ýÇÏ°Ô
(cleanses) ÇÏ½Ã°í ±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀÇ ±¸¿øÀÇ À§¾÷¿¡ ÀÖ¾î µµ¿ìµµ·Ï ±×µéÀ» ÆÄ°ßÇϽʴϴÙ. 
ÀÌ ±¸Àý¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¿©·¯ ¹ø ÁÖ¼®ÇÏ¿´´ø
¿À¸®°Ô³×½º(Origen)´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÁöÀûÇÕ´Ï´Ù: 
"ºÒŸ´Â ½¡µéÀÌ Á¦ ÀÔ¼úµéÀ» ºÒÅ¿ì±â À§ÇÏ¿© ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ Á¦´ÜÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Á®¿Í ÁֽÿɼҼ­. 
ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ ºÒŸ´Â ½¡µéÀÌ Á¦ ÀÔ¼úµé¿¡ ´êÀ¸¸é, À̵éÀº Á¤È­µÉ °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÌ 
Á¤È­µÇ¾î ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç Á˵é·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¤°áÇÏ°Ô µÉ ¶§¿¡, [...] Á¦ ÀÔÀº ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ °Å·èÇÑ 
¸»¾¸À» ÇâÇÏ¿© ¿­·ÁÁú °ÍÀÌ¸ç ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© Àú´Â [...] ´Ù¸¥ ´õ·¯¿î ¸»À» ÀÔ ¹Û¿¡ ³»Áö ¸øÇÒ 
°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¹¾ðÀÚÀÇ ÀÔ¼úµéÀ» Á¤È­Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ÆİߵǾú´ø »ç¶ø(the seraphim)µéÀº 
[...] ÀÌ ¹é¼ºÀÇ ÀÔ¼úµéÀº Á¤È­ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ±× °á°ú, ±×µéÀº ÁË ¾È¿¡¼­ »ç´Â 
°ÍÀ» °è¼ÓÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ÀÌÁ¦ ±×µéÀº ÁÖ´ÔÀ̽Š¿¹¼ö ±×¸®½ºµµ¸¦ ºÎÁ¤ÇÏ°í(deny) 
±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ÀÔµé·Î(from) ±×ºÐÀ» ÀúÁÖÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀúÀÇ Ãø¿¡ ÀÖ¾î(for my part), 
 »ç¶øµéÀÌ Á¦ ÀÔ¼úµéÀ» Á¤°áÇÏ°Ô Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¿Í ´Þ¶ó°í Àú´Â ±âµµÇÕ´Ï´Ù" [Homiliae in 
Isaiam, 1, 4]. ¿ì¸®°¡ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÀÌ»ç¾ß°¡ °¡Á³´ø ¹Ù·Î ±× 
µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °â¼ÕÀÔ´Ï´Ù:
"ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ» ÀÌ¹Ì ¹ÞÀº ÀÌÈÄ¿¡, ±×´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ, ÇàÇÏ¿©Áú ÇÊ¿ä°¡ 
ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ÀÏÇϵµ·Ï ÅõÀÔµÊ ¾øÀÌ, ¹«ÀÍÇÏ°Ô ±×¿¡°Ô Çã¶ôµÈ ¾î¶² ¼±¹°ÀÌ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» 
¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. »ç¶÷µé°ú ³ôÀÌ ¼Ú¾Æ¿À¸¥ ¿µ±¤ÀÇ ´ç½Å ¾îÁ¿¡ ¾É¾Æ°è½Å ¸¸±ºÀÇ 
ÁÖ´ÔÀ» ºÆ¿Â ÈÄ¿¡, ±×´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù: 'Å«Àϳµ±¸³ª...'. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î 
¸»ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» 'ÇÏÂúÀº' ÀÚ·Î ¸¸µêÀ¸·Î½á, ±×´Â ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» 
¹Þ¾Ò´Âµ¥ ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ´ç½Å²²¼­ ±×ÀÇ °â¼ÕÀ» ÂüÀÛÇϼ̱⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù" [ibid., 6:2]. ±×¸®°í 
¼º ¿äÇÑ Å©¸®¼Ò½ºÅä¸ð(St. John Chrysostom)´Â, ÇÏ´À´Ô²² ´ëÇÑ ÀÌ»ç¾ßÀÇ ÀÀ´ä¿¡ 
´ëÇÏ¿© ÁÖ¼®Çϸ鼭, ÀÌ ¹é¼ºÀ» ÇâÇÏ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ç¸íÀ» ¼öÇàÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾îÀÖÀ½À» 
ÀÌ ¿¹¾ðÀÚ°¡ º¸¿©ÁÖ°í Àִµ¥ ÀÌ´Â
"¼ºÀεéÀº ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ Ä£±¸µéÀ̱⿡, ±×µéµµ, ¶ÇÇÑ, 
²ûÂïÈ÷ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀ» »ç¶ûÇϱâ" [In Isaiam, 6, 5] ¶§¹®À̶ó°í ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù,



Gospel Reading: Matthew 10:24-33

Jesus' Instructions to the Apostles (Continuation)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
(Jesus said to His disciples,) [24] "A disciple is not above his teacher, nor a
servant above his master; [25] it is enough for the disciple to be like his teacher,
and the servant like his master. If they have called the master of the house Be-
elzebul, how much more will they malign those of his household.

[26] "So have no fear of them; for nothing is covered that will not be revealed, or
hidden that will not be known. [27] What I tell you in the dark, utter in the light;
and what you hear whispered, proclaim upon the housetops. [28] And do not
fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul; rather fear Him who can de-
stroy both soul and body in hell. [29] Are not two sparrows sold for a penny?
And not one of them will fall to the ground without your Father's will. [30] But
even the hairs of your head are all numbered. [31] Fear not, therefore; you are
of more value than many sparrows. [32] So every one who acknowledges Me
before men, I also will acknowledge before My Father who is in heaven; [33]
but whoever denies Me before men, I also will deny before My Father who is in
heaven."

*********************************************************************************************
Commentary:

24-25. Jesus uses these two proverbs to hint at the future that awaits His dis-
ciples: their greatest glory will consist in imitating the Master, being identified
with Him, even if this means being despised and persecuted as He was before
them: His example is what guides a Christian; as He Himself said, "I am the
Way, the Truth, and the Life" (John 14:6).

Beelzebul (cf. Luke 11:15) was the name of the idol of the ancient Philistine city
of Ekron. The Jews later used the word to describe the devil or the prince of de-
vils (cf. Matthew 12:24), and their hatred of Jesus led them to the extreme of ap-
plying it to Him.

To equip them for the persecution and misunderstanding which Christians will
suffer (John 15:18), Jesus encourages them by promising to stay close to them.
Towards the end of His life He will call them His friends (John 15:15) and little
children (John 13:33).

26-27. Jesus tells His disciples not to be afraid of calumny and detraction. A
day will come when everyone will come to know the whole truth about everyone
else, their real intentions, the true dispositions of their souls. In the meantime,
those who belong to God may be misrepresented by those who resort to lies,
out of malice or passion. These are the hidden things which will be made known.

Christ also tells the Apostles to speak out clearly. Jesus' divine teaching me-
thod led Him to speak to the crowds in parables so that they came to discover
His true personality by easy stages. After the coming of the Holy Spirit (cf.
Acts 1:8), the Apostles would have to preach from the rooftops about what
Jesus had taught them.

We too have to make Christ's doctrine known in its entirety, without any ambi-
guity, without being influenced by false prudence or fear of the consequences.

28. Using this and other Gospel texts (Matthew 5:22, 29; 18:9; Mark 9:43, 45,
47; Luke 12:5), the Church teaches that hell exists; there those who die in mor-
tal sin suffer eternal punishment (cf. "St. Pius V Catechism", I, 6, 3), in a man-
ner not known to us in this life (cf. St. Teresa of Avila, "Life", Chapter 32). See
notes on Luke 16:19-31.

Therefore, our Lord warns His disciples against false fear. We should not fear
those who can only kill the body. Only God can cast body and soul into hell.
Therefore God is the only one we should fear and respect; He is our Prince and
Supreme Judge--not men. The martyrs have obeyed this precept of the Lord in
the fullest way, well aware that eternal life is worth much more than earthly life.

29-31. An "as" (translated here as "penny") was a small coin of very little value.
Christ uses it to illustrate how much God loves His creatures. As St. Jerome
says ("Comm. in Matth.", 10:29-31): "If little birds, which are of such little value,
still come under the providence and care of God, how is it that you, who, given
the nature of your soul, are immortal, can fear that you are not looked after care-
fully by Him whom you respect as your Father?" Jesus again teaches us about
the fatherly providence of God, which He spoke about at length in the Sermon
on the Mount (cf. Matthew 6:19-34).

32-33. Here Jesus tells us that public confession of our faith in Him--whatever
the consequences--is an indispensable condition for eternal salvation. After the
Judgment, Christ will welcome those who have given testimony of their faith and
condemn those whom fear caused to be ashamed of Him (cf. Matthew 7:23; 25:
41; Revelation 21:8). The Church honors as "confessors" those Saints who have
not gone physical martyrdom but whose lives bore witness to the Catholic faith.
Although every Christian should be ready to die for his faith, most Christians are
called to be confessors of the faith.
¡¡

*********************************************************************************************
Source: "The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries". Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States. We encourage readers to purchase
The Navarre Bible for personal study. See Scepter Publishers for details.

[Âü°í: ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº Àú¼­¸í "°¡Å縯 ±³È¸ÀÇ ¸»¾¸ Àü·Ê¿¡ µû¸¥ ¼º°æ°øºÎ Çؼ³¼­"(¿«ÀºÀÌ: ¼Ò¼øÅÂ, 
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